Spiritual Succession in Prophetic Ministry
The answer can be explained by considering Jesus’ statement not as a literal identification of a person, but as an indication of the spiritual succession of the mission of the prophet Elijah and the ministry of John the Baptist. Jesus meant that John fulfills the same role as Elijah – to be a forerunner illuminating the way for the coming Messiah, embodying the spirit and power of the prophet Elijah, as is clearly stated in the Gospels.
In this context, Jesus’ words should be understood to mean that the mission of Elijah, foretold in the prophecies, finds its continuation in John’s ministry, even if John himself denied any literal identification with Elijah. This emphasizes that the true meaning of the ministry lies not in the question of personal identity, but in spiritual succession and the fulfillment of the prophetic function.
Supporting citation(s):
"Here we discover one of the most mysterious aspects of the Baptist’s character. He comes 'in the spirit and power of Elijah' (Luke 1:17), and the Lord clarifies once again: 'And if you are willing to accept it, he is Elijah who was to come'" (source: link txt).
Thus, Jesus' statement can be interpreted as an indication that, despite John’s assertions regarding his identity, his prophetic ministry and preparation for the Messiah completely fulfill the role that Elijah played in the Old Testament.