Scientists present two primary arguments against the notion that the transformation of a simple cell into a human could have occurred solely through ordinary evolutionary processes without additional conditions or with an insufficient amount of time.

Evolution’s Time and Stability Conundrum

Scientists present two primary arguments against the notion that the transformation of a simple cell into a human could have occurred solely through ordinary evolutionary processes without additional conditions or with an insufficient amount of time.

Firstly, they point out that such a process requires not only the passage of time but also the presence of stable conditions. As stated in the source:

"For the transformation of a simple cell into a human, not only is time required, but also certain conditions, such as a stable environment over a long period. However, biologists have established that life cannot exist in the form of a single cell, that life represents a collection of organisms—a biocenosis. It can exist only as such a collective, which means that this collective must have already existed from the outset.

If a collection of complex organisms had to exist initially, then how could it have arisen through increasing complexity?

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Secondly, the scientists argue that even with a stable environment for the development of complexity, an extraordinarily long period of time is required. Evolution needs such a span so that favorable (albeit extremely rare) mutations can accumulate and dominate over destructive changes, most of which, according to their observations, lead to the simplification or deterioration of the organism. To support this, they offer the following argument:

"For the transformation of a simple cell into a multicellular organism, and then into complex organisms, not only time is required but also stable conditions. If the existence of the cosmos, Earth, and life on it is limited to a few thousand years, then of course we do not have enough time to transform even an ape into a human, let alone bacteria into an ape."
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Thus, these arguments underscore that standard evolutionary processes face serious challenges: either the evidence for a sufficiently long period of time and stable conditions necessary for the qualitative transition from a simple cell to complex forms of life—such as humans—is lacking, or the possibility of such development without additional factors is clearly questionable.